Hypolipidemic Activity Of Red Fruit (Pandanus conoideus Lam.) Extract In Diabetic Wistar Rats and Its Development As A Supplementary Book
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47945/search.v4i1.3344Keywords:
Alloxan, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, Pandanus conoideus, red fruit, tocopherolAbstract
Diabetes mellitus is frequently accompanied by dyslipidemia, which increases cardiovascular risk. Red fruit (Pandanus conoideus Lam.), an indigenous Papuan food rich in tocopherols and carotenoids, may modulate oxidative stress and lipid metabolism. This study investigated the hypolipidemic activity of red fruit extract in diabetic male Wistar rats and evaluated the feasibility of presenting the findings in a supplementary book. A completely randomized laboratory experiment involved 24 rats allocated to six groups: a negative control, simvastatin at 0.72 mg/rat/day, and red fruit extract at 0.12, 0.24, 0.36, or 0.48 mL/rat/day. Diabetes was induced by intravenous alloxan at 70 mg/kg body weight. After fasting blood glucose exceeded 200 mg/dL, the interventions were administered orally for 21 days. Fasting glucose, total cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) were measured before induction, after induction, and after treatment. Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance followed by Duncan's test (alpha=0.05). The extract contained alpha-tocopherol at 399.10, delta-tocopherol at 250.65, gamma-tocopherol at 108.59, and beta-tocopherol at 32.06 mg/100 g. Treatment significantly affected all final metabolic outcomes (glucose, total cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL, p<0.001; HDL, p=0.001). The 0.12 mL/rat/day dose produced the greatest reductions in fasting glucose (53.1%), triglycerides (57.4%), and LDL (56.9%), whereas 0.24 mL/rat/day produced the greatest reduction in total cholesterol (40.5%) and best preserved HDL. The highest dose increased fasting glucose. Expert validation and readability scores for the supplementary book were 82.36% and 87.50%, respectively. Red fruit extract demonstrated preclinical hypolipidemic potential, particularly at lower doses; however, the response was nonlinear and cannot be extrapolated as a human therapy without extract standardization, safety assessment, and further investigation.
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